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1.
Poblac. salud mesoam ; 19(2)jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386957

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: el laboratorio de citogenética del Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud (INISA) de la Universidad de Costa Rica estableció un Servicio de Dosimetría Biológica en enero del 2020 utilizando biomarcadores citogenéticos de exposición a radiaciones ionizantes. Es el primero de su tipo en la región centroamericana. Objetivo: establecer un servicio de dosimetría biológica para Costa Rica, elaborando una curva de calibración dosis-efecto para rayos gamma. Metodología: para la realización de la curva de calibración se irradiaron muestras de sangre periférica in vitro con rayos gamma de dos voluntarios, uno femenino y otro masculino, en 11 puntos de dosis en el rango de 0 a 5 Gy. Se cultivó la sangre acorde a los protocolos internacionales durante 48 horas y se registraron las aberraciones inducidas. Los programas Dose Estimate V5.2 y R versión 4.03 se utilizaron para el cálculo de los coeficientes de la curva de calibración que correlaciona la frecuencia de cromosomas dicéntricos con la dosis. Resultados: los coeficientes de la curva son α: 0.02737±0.00658, ß: 0,05938±0,00450 y C: 0.00129±0.00084. Estos coeficientes tienen valores similares a los reportados internacionalmente. La curva se validó calculando dos dosis incógnitas, en la primera incógnita la dosis suministrada fue de 1,5 Gy y la dosis estimada fue 1,47 Gy y en la segunda la dosis suministrada fue de 4 Gy y la dosis estimada fue 3,616 Gy, para ambos casos no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las dosis suministradas y las estimadas. Conclusiones: actualmente El Servicio de Dosimetría Biológica del INISA puede estimar dosis absorbida en personas que se sospecha de una sobre exposición a rayos gamma en personal ocupacionalmente expuesto o personas involucradas en un accidente radiológico.


Abstract Introduction. The cytogenetics laboratory of the Health Research Institute (INISA) of the University of Costa Rica established a Biological Dosimetry Service in January 2020 using cytogenetic biomarkers of exposure to ionizing radiation. It is the first of its kind in the Central American region. Objective: establish a biological dosimetry service for Costa Rica, developing a dose-effect calibration curve for gamma rays. Methodology: to carry out the calibration curve, peripheral blood samples from two volunteers, one female and the other male, were irradiated in vitro with gamma rays, at 11 dose points in the range of 0 to 5 Gy. Blood was cultured according to international protocols for 48 hours and induced aberrations were recorded. The Dose Estimate V5.2 and R version 4.03 programs were used to calculate the coefficients of the calibration curve that correlates the frequency of dicentric chromosomes with the dose. Results: the coefficients of the curve are α: 0.02737 ± 0.00658, ß: 0.05938 ± 0.00450 and C: 0.00129 ± 0.00084. These coefficients have values similar to those reported internationally. The curve was validated by calculating two unknown doses, in the first unknown case the delivered dose was 1.5 Gy and the estimated dose was 1.47 Gy and in the second case the delivered dose was 4 Gy and the estimated dose was 3.616 Gy. for both cases there are no statistically significant differences between the delivered and estimated doses. Conclusions: the Biological Dosimetry Service of the INISA can estimate absorbed dose in persons suspected of overexposure to gamma rays in occupationally exposed personnel or persons involved in a radiological accident.Health is loaded with symbolisms and practical manifestations that differ according to social groups and sociocultural contexts. In order to make everyday life and needs visible, the Theoretical Paradigm of Social Representations provides the theoretical-methodological bases necessary to understand the common sense knowledge associated with health among the Nicaraguan migrant population in Costa Rica. Methodology: Qualitative study with ethnographic approach that aimed to identify the social representation of health, through the process of objectification, present among Nicaraguan migrants living in Costa Rica. Data collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and field diaries. Processing according to Content Analysis. Results: The social representation of health found behaves analogously to a formula; where, the search for peaceful environments is added to the achievement of financial stability to result in two interdependent representations: 1) Health as physical-mental strength; and 2) Health as a future and abstract sensation of well-being, happiness and transcendence. The socio-political antecedents in Nicaragua, the migratory process, and the adaptation to Costa Rica play a preponderant role in shaping the representation on health. Conclusion: Social representations about health have direct practical implications on the ways of life and needs of migrant groups. Understanding their common sense knowledge allows to move towards more contextualized public policies. More integration of the thoughts, opinions and feelings of migrants in decision-making platforms is recommended.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Radiation, Ionizing , Dosimetry , Costa Rica , Gamma Rays
2.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 47(2): 494-499, abr. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-675983

ABSTRACT

Materiais esterilizados em raios gama, ao serem re-esterilizados em óxido de etileno (EO), formam substâncias tóxicas? Esta questão norteou o objetivo deste estudo, que foi investigar o potencial efeito citotóxico do PVC esterilizado em radiação gama e re-esterilizado em EO pelo método da difusão em ágar em culturas celulares. Nove tubos de PVC foram submetidos à esterilização em radiação gama e re-esterilizados em EO. Os tubos foram divididos em um total de 81 unidades de análise, que foram testadas de forma a representar as superfícies internas, externas e massa de cada tubo. Concluiu-se que os materiais de PVC esterilizados em Radiação Gama e consecutivamente re-esterilizados em EO não são citotóxicos.


Do materials sterilized using gamma rays become toxic when re-sterilized in ethylene oxide? This question guided the objective of this study, which was to investigate the potential cytotoxic effect of PVC sterilized by gamma radiation and re-sterilized with EO by the agar diffusion method in cell cultures. Nine PVC tubes were subjected to gamma radiation sterilization and were re-sterilized in EO. The tubes were divided into a total of 81 units of analysis that were tested so as to represent the internal and external surfaces and mass of each tube. It was concluded that the PVC materials sterilized in gamma radiation and re-sterilized in EO are not cytotoxic.


Los materiales esterilizados con rayos gama, al ser re-esterilizados en óxido de etileno (EO), ¿forman substancias tóxicas? Esta pregunta orientó el objetivo del presente estudio, que fue investigar el potencial efecto citotóxico del PVC esterilizado en radiación gamma y re-esterilizado en EO por el método de difusión en agar en cultivos celulares. Nueve tubos de PVC fueron sometidos a esterilización por radiación gamma y re-esterilizados en EO. Se les aplicaron en total 81 unidades de análisis, las cuales fueron testeadas de manera tal de representar las superficies internas, externas y la masa de cada tubo. Se concluyó en que los materiales de PVC esterilizados con Radiación Gamma y, posteriormente, con EO, no son citotóxicos.


Subject(s)
Cytotoxins/toxicity , Disinfectants/adverse effects , Ethylene Oxide/adverse effects , Gamma Rays , Polyvinyl Chloride/radiation effects , Polyvinyl Chloride/toxicity , Sterilization/methods , Cells, Cultured
3.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 44(4): 1124-1128, Dec. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-569383

ABSTRACT

A dúvida sobre a questão da re-esterilização de artigos confeccionados com cloreto de polivinila (PVC), esterilizados em radiação gama (RG) e posteriormente em óxido de etileno (EO) persiste até os dias atuais. Por meio da revisão integrativa da literatura, este artigo analisou estudos que evidenciaram compatibilidades e incompatibilidades entre os processos de esterilização com RG e EO quando utilizados como métodos sucessivos de esterilização. Foram analisados 7 estudos. Constatou-se que há influência multifatorial na segurança do procedimento e que o método analítico da cromatografia empregado na maioria dos estudos produziu resultados controversos. Esse fato indica a necessidade da realização de novos estudos sobre o assunto, utilizando-se métodos analíticos mais sensíveis do que a cromatografia gasosa, como o teste de reatividade biológica em culturas celulares, que poderá dirimir em nosso meio a crônica dúvida da compatibilidade ou incompatibilidade de se esterilizar em EO materiais previamente gamairradiados.


The doubt regarding the re-sterilization of articles made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sterilized with gamma radiation (GR) and subsequently with ethylene oxide (EO) persists to date. Through a systematic literature review, this article analyzed studies that demonstrated compatibilities and incompatibilities between the sterilization processes with GR and EO, when used as consecutive sterilization methods. Seven studies were analyzed. It was verified that there is a multifactor influence regarding the safety of the procedure and that the chromatography analytical method employed by most studies yielded controversial results. This fact indicates the need for further studies on the issue, using more sensitive analytical methods than gas chromatography, such as the biological reactivity test in cell cultures, in an attempt to clarify the chronic doubt regarding the adequacy or inadequacy of sterilizing previously gamma-irradiated materials with EtO.


La duda sobre la cuestión de la reesterilización de artículos confeccionados con policloruro de vinilo (PVC) esterilizados con Rayos Gamma (RG) y posteriormente en óxido de etileno (EO) persiste hasta la actualidad. A través de la revisión integradora de la literatura, este artículo analizó estudios que evidenciaron compatibilidades e incompatibilidades entre los procesos de esterilización con RG y EO, cuando se utilizan en forma sucesiva. Fueron analizados 7 estudios. Se constató que hay influencia multifactorial en la seguridad del procedimiento y que el método analítico de cromatografía empleado en la mayoría de los estudios generó resultados controversiales. Este hecho indica la necesidad de realizar nuevos estudios sobre el asunto, utilizando métodos analíticos más sensibles que la cromatografía gaseosa, tales como el test de reactividad biológica en cultivos celulares para dirimir en nuestro medio la crónica duda de la compatibilidad o incompatibilidad de esterilizar en EO materiales previamente irradiados con Rayos Gamma.


Subject(s)
Ethylene Oxide , Gamma Rays , Sterilization/methods
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